Combustion Equipment for Sulphur Recovery Plants
Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. experience in Sulphur Recovery Units
Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. has been engaged in the supply of main burners, in-line or auxiliary burners, reducing gas generator burners and incinerator Burners for Sulphur Recovery Units since the early 1950's, for plants all over the world based on process designs done by various process licensors.
Description of Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. Sulphur Recovery Burners
Main burner
 Sub-stoichiometric combustion is performed in the main burner. The main burner consists of an air box with a refractory lined combustion chamber, an air register and a combined acid/fuelgas gun. The combustion air acquires a strong rotating motion by passing the streamlined multiple vanes in the air register via an air distribution chamber. Maximum air velocity is reached when the air leaves the air nose. Sour gas is supplied through the gun, which is provided with a cone shaped diffuser. The sour gas is injected perpendicularly into the air stream, to give intimate mixing with the air.
A high degree of turbulence is achieved in the zone containing the flame front, and this contributes greatly to combustion efficiency. The aerodynamic design causes strong vortices to form in the refractory lined combustion chamber, adjacent to the angled wall and close to the gas gun. These vortices stabilise the flame to give a high heat concentration in the front section of the reaction chamber. As a result, oxidation reactions take place at the maximum temperature level.
Oxygen break through to the downstream process sections is prevented, resulting in extended catalyst life. The maximum allowable air pressure drop over the burner is 1000 mm WG, the minimum allowable air pressure drop 15 mmWG. Air pressure drops across the burner in the upper range give better combustion results. The maximum air pressure drop is also defined by the turn down ratio of the feed gas.
In-line burners
 Here slightly sub-stoichiometric combustion occurs in order to reheat the process gas above the sulphur dew point. Fuel can be natural gas, refinery gas or acid gas. The air flow pattern and mixing of gas and air and the maximum and minimum air pressure drop is similar to the main burner. Here also, the prevention of oxygen break through results in considerably increases catalyst life. Further, flame stability can be ensured during sub-stoichiometric firing due to the excelent burner mixing charateristics and without the formation of soot.
Incinerator burners
Excess air combustion is performed in the incinerator. For many plants, the incinerator burner is a high intensity design similar to the in-line burner, however other burner types such as the Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. Register burner can be used depending on the specific design criteria. Fuel consumption can be considerably reduced by using efficient burners. The excellent mixing characteristics of the Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. burners are the key to optimum incinerator design.
Associated Sulphur Recovery Equipment designed by Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v.
 Design procedures, manufacturing techniques, and operational conditions of Sulphur Recovery Burners are very similar to those applying to their associated combustion chambers. As a logical extension to its programme, Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. also designs and supplies the main reaction chamber, waste heat boiler, the mixing chambers and complete incinerator packages. Ignition equipment, burner management and flame control equipment are usually also supplied by Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v.. Advantages for the client arise from the integration of the engineering for these items, and the concentration of responsibility into a single source of supply.
Industrial Burners for Process Heaters, Furnaces and Industrial Boilers
Through the years Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. have specialised in the design of Industrial Forced Draught Burners for Process Heaters, furnaces and Industrial Boilers. For various applications the following versions are available:
- ERS and SRS Burners
- Low NOX Register Burners
ERS and SRS burners
The Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. SRS and ERS Burners finds their application on furnaces and heaters where a large number of burners are involved, mainly for oil refineries and (petro) chemical industries.
Excellent combustion performances through proven technology
 Basis for the design of the SRS and ERS Burners is Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v.'s proven combustion technology for oil and gas burners and the experience Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. gained during designing, supplying and installing combustion equipment since the early 1950's.
The SRS and ERS Burners are so-called swirl burners based on the forced draft principles. The burner consists of an airbox with a fixed air register and a refractory throat. The swirl of the combustion air is achieved by means of this fixed air register and resulting in a rotation of the air flow. The above described construction ensures that upon entering the burner throat, where the mixing takes place and the flame is formed, the air flow has a violent whirling motion. This state of affairs ensures good mixing of air and fuel gas and makes excellent combustion performances at low excess air levels possible. Further provisions are made for staged combustion by means of a fixed amount of combustion air through air nozzles in the burner block.
SRS Burners
The SRS burner range is built-up of standard burner sizes with overlapping capacities, ranging from 2.3 MW up to 5.0 MW.
Due to the fact that the SRS burners are supplied as a fully standard model, the right balance is found between excellent burner performances, economics and low NOX emission levels.
Features of the Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. SRS Burner:
- highly efficient combustion at low excess air levels
- exceptionally good fuel/air mixing and an excellent flame stability
- standard range of burner models and thus cost effective,
- reliability achieved by using proven technology
- low NOX and noise emission levels that meet today's most stringent requirements.
- capacity range from 2.3 MW up to 5.0 MW
ERS burners
The Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. ERS Burner is virtually identical to the SRS Burner with respect to burner geometry, performance and emission levels. Whereas the SRS Burners are supplied as standardised burner models, the ERS Burners are supplied as an engineered burner.
The Burner can be fully customised for each particular project or furnace in order to fully meet customers wishes and needs regarding burner operating range, execution and applications. Besides fuel gas firing the ERS Burner can also be applied for firing liquid fuels ranging from light diesel to asphalts or firing both gas and a liquid fuel.
Additional features of the Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. ERS Burner compared to the SRS Burner
- Customised and engineered design
- Gas, oil firing and dual fuel firing
- Burner capacities ranging from 0.5 MW up to 10 MW Industrial Burners for Process Heaters, Furnaces and Industrial Boilers
The SRS burner range is built-up of standard burner sizes with overlapping capacities, ranging from 2.3 MW up to 5.0 MW.
Due to the fact that the SRS burners are supplied as a fully standard model, the right balance is found between excellent burner performances, economics and low NOX emission levels.
Features of the Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. SRS Burner
- highly efficient combustion at low excess air levels
- exceptionally good fuel/air mixing and an excellent flame stability
- standard range of burner models and thus cost effective,
- reliability achieved by using proven technology
- low NOX and noise emission levels that meet today's most stringent requirements.
- capacity range from 2.3 MW up to 5.0 MW
Low NOX register burners
Typical applications of the Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. Low NOX Register Burners are:
- Industrial Steam Boilers
- Single Burner Installations
Furnaces having a critical design in firing box dimensions or in heat flux distribution over the process tubes.
The main characteristics of the Duiker Combustion Engineers b.v. Low NOX Register Burner is that the primary and secondary combustion air flow can be controlled and consequently the shape of the flame can be adapted to the combustion chamber.
With a burner range from 1.0 MW up to 50 MW these burners can be applied for:
- firing gaseous fuels including lean gases
- firing liquid fuels from light diesel oil to asphalts
- firing dual fuel on gaseous and liquid fuels
For more information please contact Hofung Technology or send an email to sales@hofung-technology.com.
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